Inhalation is bringing air and other gases into the body through the air ways and into the alveoli (the part of the lung that transports oxygen to the blood), or, more simply, breathing in. Inhalation is the most common way in which environmental toxins can enter the body, especially in cities and agricultural areas in which pesticides are in heavy use. The human respiratory system acts as a filter, removing dust mites and other large particles by trapping them in the nose, and exhaling many smaller particles. Water soluble substances and gases, however, are absorbed into the bronchi and evade the body's filters.
Inhalation of fine particulate air pollution has been proven to increase adult susceptibility to heart disease and other cardiovascular concerns. Acute cases in which toxins present in old buildings, especially in heating and ventilation systems, are inhaled by the building's occupants, are called "sick building syndrome." One particularly dangerous bacteria is legionella, which is found naturally in the environment, but only thrives in warm water, especially the type in heating and cooling systems and in whirlpools. Legionnaires' disease is spread when individuals inhale a mist or vapor that has been contaminated with the bacteria. Asbestos is another toxin with a high inhalation risk; buildings and workplaces with exposed asbestos should be avoided. Many allergens enter the body through inhalation, including pollen, house dust mites, animal epithelium, and mold fungi.
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